Geekality

Java: InputStream line iterator

Torleif — Mon, 23 May 2011 18:09:11 +0000

Wanted to create an easy interface for reading lines from a stream. It should take care of all the annoying Java IO nitty-gritty for me and I wanted to use it simply by throwing it into a for loop.

Found some pieces of code here and there, added some of my own and ended up with a LineReader class. Works as far as I can see, but let me know if you test it out and you find any bugs

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import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.Closeable;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.io.StringReader;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.NoSuchElementException;

/**
* Represents the lines found in an {@link InputStream}. The lines are read
* one at a time using {@link BufferedReader#readLine()} and may be streamed
* through an iterator or returned all at once.
*
*

This class does not handle any concurrency issues.
*
*

The stream is closed automatically when the for loop is done :)
*
*

{@code

 * for(String line : new LineReader(stream))

 *      // ...

 * }

*
*

An {@link IllegalStateException} will be thrown if any {@link IOException}s
* occur when reading or closing the stream.
*
* @author Torleif Berger
* @license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
* @see http://www.geekality.net/?p=1614
*/
public class LineReader implements Iterable<String>, Closeable
{
private BufferedReader reader;

/**
* Creates a new {@link LineReader}.
*
*

Uses a {@link FileReader} to read the file.
*
* @param file Path to file with lines to read.
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public LineReader(String file) throws FileNotFoundException
{
this(new FileReader(file));
}

/**
* Creates a new {@link LineReader}.
*
* @param stream The {@link Reader} containing the lines to read.
*/
public LineReader(Reader reader)
{
this.reader = new BufferedReader(reader);
}

/**
* Creates an empty {@link LineReader} with no content.
*/
public LineReader()
{
this(new StringReader(""));
}

/**
* Closes the underlying stream.
*/
@Override
public void close() throws IOException
{
reader.close();
}

/**
* Makes sure the underlying stream is closed.
*/
@Override
protected void finalize() throws Throwable
{
close();
}

/**
* Returns an iterator over the lines remaining to be read.
*
*

The underlying stream is closed automatically once {@link Iterator#hasNext()}
* returns false, so closing it manually after using a for loop shouldn't be necessary.
*
* @return This iterator.
*/
@Override
public Iterator<String> iterator()
{
return new LineIterator();
}

/**
* Returns all lines remaining to be read and closes the stream.
*
* @return The lines read from the stream.
*/
public Collection<String> readLines()
{
Collection<String> lines = new ArrayList<String>();
for(String line : this)
{
lines.add(line);
}
return lines;
}

private class LineIterator implements Iterator<String>
{
private String nextLine;

public String bufferNext()
{
try
{
return nextLine = reader.readLine();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
throw new IllegalStateException("I/O error while reading stream.", e);
}
}

public boolean hasNext()
{
boolean hasNext = nextLine != null || bufferNext() != null;

if ( ! hasNext)
try
{
reader.close();
}
catch (IOException e)
{
throw new IllegalStateException("I/O error when closing stream.", e);
}

return hasNext;
}

public String next()
{
if ( ! hasNext())
throw new NoSuchElementException();

String result = nextLine;
nextLine = null;
return result;
}

public void remove() {
throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
}
}
}

You can use it in a streaming fashion:

for(String line : new LineReader(stream))
{
// ...
}

Or grab all the lines at once:

Collection<String> lines = new LineReader(stream).readLines();

Let me know what you think! Feedback is welcome as always

How to care for introverts

Torleif — Mon, 02 Apr 2012 18:19:01 +0000

Yeah…

Found it here.
Actual source, according to Becky in the comments, seems to be here

What forgiveness is not

Torleif — Sun, 29 Apr 2012 15:32:20 +0000

These are some assorted notes I took during a sermon held by Harald Giesebrecht in Cornelius some time ago. One of the better and more useful sermons I’ve heard in quite a while.

What it is not

It’s not for anyone, just the one that was hurt. The one who was hurt can forgive the one who hurt them; no more, no less. You cannot forgive a person what they’ve done towards someone else.
It’s not to say “It’s no big deal”.
It’s not to forget.
It’s not to suddenly trust someone again. Trust is something which has to be earned over time.
It’s not limited to those who regret. You can forgive someone, even if they don’t regret what they did to you.
It’s not that it doesn’t hurt anymore.
It’s not something which has be done fast. To be able to forgive might take time.

What it is

It’s a gift you can give by grace.
It’s to relinquish the right to “tug at someones consciousness”.
It’s to stop bringing it up over and over again.
It’s to let go so you can move on.

Why do it

Not because the one who did it deserves it.
Forgiveness, rightly understood, will be healing to you.

Some parabels

Debt: Forgiveness is like erasing debt.
Pitfall: Say someone fell into a pitfall. Forgiveness is like letting the one who hurt you out, rather than tormenting them.
Chain: Imagine that you chain yourself to someone, and only you have the key to unlock it. Forgiveness is like choosing to unlock and remove the chain, rather than pulling on it to hurt the one who hurt you. Often times you’re actually the only one who feel the tug as well. Maybe they didn’t know they hurt you, maybe they’ve managed to move on, or maybe they’ve died.

Some quotes

To be bitter is like drinking poison and hoping the other person will die.

To be resentful is like letting someone move in to your head and live there for free.

Hug a developer today

Torleif — Tue, 01 May 2012 07:18:30 +0000

http://blip.tv/devshop/hug-a-developer-today-1067270

The English Lesson

Torleif — Sun, 29 Apr 2012 14:15:12 +0000

A poem about English from The Society for the Promotion of Good Grammar.

We’ll begin with box, and the plural is boxes;
But the plural of ox should be oxen, not oxes.
Then one fowl is goose, but two are called geese
Yet the plural of moose should never be meese.

You may find a lone mouse or a whole lot of mice,
But the plural of house is houses, not hice.
If the plural of man is always called men,
When couldn’t the plural of pan be called pen?

The cow in the plural may be cows or kine,
But the plural of vow is vows, not vine.
And I speak of a foot, and you show me your feet,
But I give a boot – would a pair be called beet?

If one is a tooth and a whole set are teeth,
Why shouldn’t the plural of booth be called beeth?
If the singular is this and plural is these,
Why shouldn’t the plural of kiss be nicknamed kese?

Then one may be that, and three may be those,
Yet the plural of hat would never be hose;
We speak of a brother, and also of brethren,
But though we say mother, we never say methren.

The masculine pronouns are he, his and him,
But imagine the feminine she, shis, and shim!
So our English, I think you will all agree,
Is the trickiest language you ever did see.

I take it you already know
Of tough and bough and cough and dough?
Others may stumble, but not you
On hiccough, thorough, slough, and through?

Well done! And now you wish, perhaps
To learn of less familiar traps?
Beware of heard, a dreadful word
That looks like beard and sounds like bird.

And dead; it’s said like bed, not bead;
For goodness sake, don’t call it deed!
Watch out for meat and great and threat,
(they rhyme with suite and straight and debt)

A moth is not a moth in mother.
Nor both in bother, broth in brother.
And here is not a match for there.
And dear and fear for bear and pear.

And then there’s dose and rose and lose –
Just look them up — and goose and choose.
And cork and work and card and ward,
And font and front and word and sword.

And do and go, then thwart and cart.
Come, come, I’ve hardly made a start.

A dreadful language? Man alive,
I’d learned to speak it when I was five,

And yet to write it, the more I sigh,
I’ll not learn how ’till the day I die.

Quotes

Torleif — Sun, 29 Apr 2012 14:06:54 +0000

Once in a while I stumble upon some good quotes. Figured I might as well collect some of them here, rather than spread out in various text files and twitter/facebook messages…

Truth, of course, must of necessity be stranger than fiction, for we have made fiction to suite ourselves.
– Gilbert Keith Chesterton

Success is going from failure to failure without a loss of enthusiasm.
– Winston Churchill

Dig your well before you’re thirsty.

Many people would rather die than think; in fact, most do.
– Bertrand Russell

The less you do, the more of it you can do.
– @shanselman

Nothing is enough for the man to whom enough is too little.
– Epicurus

When I hear the words ‘heavy metal’, I think 40 tons of piped tin.

The greatest accomplishment is not in never falling, but in rising again after you fall.
– Vince Lombardi

Even if you’re on the right track, you’ll get run over if you just sit there.
– Will Rogers

We can be knowledgeable with other men’s knowledge, but we cannot be wise with other men’s wisdom.
– Michel de Montaigne

Real knowledge is to know the extent of one’s ignorance.
– Confucius

It isn’t the mountains ahead to climb that wear you out; it’s the pebble in your shoe.

The biggest mistake one can make in life, is to always be afraid of making one.
– Elbert Hubbard

People who have more birthdays live longer.

Fun

Energizer Bunny arrested, charged with battery.

Two antennas met on a roof, fell in love and got married. The ceremony wasn’t much, but the reception was excellent

Tech and stuff

Poor planning on your part does not constitute an emergency on my part.

The first ninety percent of the task takes ninety percent of the time, and the last ten percent takes the other ninety percent.

Debugging is twice as hard as writing the code in the first place. Therefore, if you write the code as cleverly as possible, you are, by definition, not smart enough to debug it.
– Brian Kernighan

Blogging: Never before have so many people with so little to say said so much to so few.

I am convinced the only reason people are still using Emacs is nobody can remember how to exit out of it.
– @ckindel

Faith

If you stand for nothing, you’ll fall for anything.

God doesn’t call the qualified, He qualifies the called.

God may not need my intelligence. But he certainly does not need my ignorance…

Jesus didn’t come to help me discover who I really am, He came to tell me who He knew I really was and to do something about it.

Satan cannot read our thoughts, but he can see our actions, hear our words; and from his long knowledge of the human family, he can shape his temptations to take advantage of our weak points of character.
– Ellen G. White, MYP 328.1

MySQL tables for continent names, country names and their ISO-3166 codes

Torleif — Sun, 21 Aug 2011 17:10:47 +0000

Here is a MySQL table containing continent names, country names and their ISO-3166 codes.

Needed one a while ago, but the ones I found were either kind of lacking or kind of old. So I made one myself by converting a datafile on Wikipedia into the format I wanted. Used some regular expressions and manual corrections. Later I also went through newsletters with Updates on ISO 3166. Hopefully I got it all right, and hopefully it can save you and others some time as well.

If you find any mistakes or updates I’ve missed, please let me know

The data

Created a project on BitBucket for some change tracking. The latest version of the SQL script is found at bitbucket.org/svish/iso-3166-country-codes/src/default/countries.sql.

Also included a copy of the latest version below. If you want to be 100% sure you get the latest, use the link above though. I might forget to update the post ;)

/**
* Country names, continent names and ISO-3166 codes.
*
* @updated 2012-04-17
* @link http://www.geekality.net/?p=1182
* @link https://bitbucket.org/svish/iso-3166-country-codes
*/
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `continents` (
`code` CHAR(2) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Continent code',
`name` VARCHAR(255),
PRIMARY KEY (`code`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

INSERT INTO `continents` VALUES
('AF', 'Africa'),
('AS', 'Asia'),
('EU', 'Europe'),
('NA', 'North America'),
('SA', 'South America'),
('OC', 'Oceania'),
('AN', 'Antarctica');

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `countries` (
`code` CHAR(2) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Two-letter country code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2)',
`name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'English country name',
`full_name` VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Full English country name',
`iso3` CHAR(3) NOT NULL COMMENT 'Three-letter country code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-3)',
`number` SMALLINT(3) ZEROFILL NOT NULL COMMENT 'Three-digit country number (ISO 3166-1 numeric)',
`continent_code` CHAR(2) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`code`),
KEY `continent_code` (`continent_code`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_countries_continents` FOREIGN KEY (`continent_code`) REFERENCES `continents` (`code`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

INSERT INTO `countries` (`code`, `continent_code`, `name`, `iso3`, `number`, `full_name`) VALUES
('AF', 'AS', "Afghanistan", 'AFG', '004', "Islamic Republic of Afghanistan"),
('AX', 'EU', "Åland Islands", 'ALA', '248', "Åland Islands"),
('AL', 'EU', "Albania", 'ALB', '008', "Republic of Albania"),
('DZ', 'AF', "Algeria", 'DZA', '012', "People's Democratic Republic of Algeria"),
('AS', 'OC', "American Samoa", 'ASM', '016', "American Samoa"),
('AD', 'EU', "Andorra", 'AND', '020', "Principality of Andorra"),
('AO', 'AF', "Angola", 'AGO', '024', "Republic of Angola"),
('AI', 'NA', "Anguilla", 'AIA', '660', "Anguilla"),
('AQ', 'AN', "Antarctica", 'ATA', '010', "Antarctica (the territory South of 60 deg S)"),
('AG', 'NA', "Antigua and Barbuda", 'ATG', '028', "Antigua and Barbuda"),
('AR', 'SA', "Argentina", 'ARG', '032', "Argentine Republic"),
('AM', 'AS', "Armenia", 'ARM', '051', "Republic of Armenia"),
('AW', 'NA', "Aruba", 'ABW', '533', "Aruba"),
('AU', 'OC', "Australia", 'AUS', '036', "Commonwealth of Australia"),
('AT', 'EU', "Austria", 'AUT', '040', "Republic of Austria"),
('AZ', 'AS', "Azerbaijan", 'AZE', '031', "Republic of Azerbaijan"),
('BS', 'NA', "Bahamas", 'BHS', '044', "Commonwealth of the Bahamas"),
('BH', 'AS', "Bahrain", 'BHR', '048', "Kingdom of Bahrain"),
('BD', 'AS', "Bangladesh", 'BGD', '050', "People's Republic of Bangladesh"),
('BB', 'NA', "Barbados", 'BRB', '052', "Barbados"),
('BY', 'EU', "Belarus", 'BLR', '112', "Republic of Belarus"),
('BE', 'EU', "Belgium", 'BEL', '056', "Kingdom of Belgium"),
('BZ', 'NA', "Belize", 'BLZ', '084', "Belize"),
('BJ', 'AF', "Benin", 'BEN', '204', "Republic of Benin"),
('BM', 'NA', "Bermuda", 'BMU', '060', "Bermuda"),
('BT', 'AS', "Bhutan", 'BTN', '064', "Kingdom of Bhutan"),
('BO', 'SA', "Bolivia", 'BOL', '068', "Plurinational State of Bolivia"),
('BQ', 'NA', "Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba", 'BES', '535', "Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba"),
('BA', 'EU', "Bosnia and Herzegovina", 'BIH', '070', "Bosnia and Herzegovina"),
('BW', 'AF', "Botswana", 'BWA', '072', "Republic of Botswana"),
('BV', 'AN', "Bouvet Island (Bouvetoya)", 'BVT', '074', "Bouvet Island (Bouvetoya)"),
('BR', 'SA', "Brazil", 'BRA', '076', "Federative Republic of Brazil"),
('IO', 'AS', "British Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Archipelago)", 'IOT', '086', "British Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Archipelago)"),
('VG', 'NA', "British Virgin Islands", 'VGB', '092', "British Virgin Islands"),
('BN', 'AS', "Brunei Darussalam", 'BRN', '096', "Brunei Darussalam"),
('BG', 'EU', "Bulgaria", 'BGR', '100', "Republic of Bulgaria"),
('BF', 'AF', "Burkina Faso", 'BFA', '854', "Burkina Faso"),
('BI', 'AF', "Burundi", 'BDI', '108', "Republic of Burundi"),
('KH', 'AS', "Cambodia", 'KHM', '116', "Kingdom of Cambodia"),
('CM', 'AF', "Cameroon", 'CMR', '120', "Republic of Cameroon"),
('CA', 'NA', "Canada", 'CAN', '124', "Canada"),
('CV', 'AF', "Cape Verde", 'CPV', '132', "Republic of Cape Verde"),
('KY', 'NA', "Cayman Islands", 'CYM', '136', "Cayman Islands"),
('CF', 'AF', "Central African Republic", 'CAF', '140', "Central African Republic"),
('TD', 'AF', "Chad", 'TCD', '148', "Republic of Chad"),
('CL', 'SA', "Chile", 'CHL', '152', "Republic of Chile"),
('CN', 'AS', "China", 'CHN', '156', "People's Republic of China"),
('CX', 'AS', "Christmas Island", 'CXR', '162', "Christmas Island"),
('CC', 'AS', "Cocos (Keeling) Islands", 'CCK', '166', "Cocos (Keeling) Islands"),
('CO', 'SA', "Colombia", 'COL', '170', "Republic of Colombia"),
('KM', 'AF', "Comoros", 'COM', '174', "Union of the Comoros"),
('CD', 'AF', "Congo", 'COD', '180', "Democratic Republic of the Congo"),
('CG', 'AF', "Congo", 'COG', '178', "Republic of the Congo"),
('CK', 'OC', "Cook Islands", 'COK', '184', "Cook Islands"),
('CR', 'NA', "Costa Rica", 'CRI', '188', "Republic of Costa Rica"),
('CI', 'AF', "Cote d'Ivoire", 'CIV', '384', "Republic of Cote d'Ivoire"),
('HR', 'EU', "Croatia", 'HRV', '191', "Republic of Croatia"),
('CU', 'NA', "Cuba", 'CUB', '192', "Republic of Cuba"),
('CW', 'NA', "Curaçao", 'CUW', '531', "Curaçao"),
('CY', 'AS', "Cyprus", 'CYP', '196', "Republic of Cyprus"),
('CZ', 'EU', "Czech Republic", 'CZE', '203', "Czech Republic"),
('DK', 'EU', "Denmark", 'DNK', '208', "Kingdom of Denmark"),
('DJ', 'AF', "Djibouti", 'DJI', '262', "Republic of Djibouti"),
('DM', 'NA', "Dominica", 'DMA', '212', "Commonwealth of Dominica"),
('DO', 'NA', "Dominican Republic", 'DOM', '214', "Dominican Republic"),
('EC', 'SA', "Ecuador", 'ECU', '218', "Republic of Ecuador"),
('EG', 'AF', "Egypt", 'EGY', '818', "Arab Republic of Egypt"),
('SV', 'NA', "El Salvador", 'SLV', '222', "Republic of El Salvador"),
('GQ', 'AF', "Equatorial Guinea", 'GNQ', '226', "Republic of Equatorial Guinea"),
('ER', 'AF', "Eritrea", 'ERI', '232', "State of Eritrea"),
('EE', 'EU', "Estonia", 'EST', '233', "Republic of Estonia"),
('ET', 'AF', "Ethiopia", 'ETH', '231', "Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia"),
('FO', 'EU', "Faroe Islands", 'FRO', '234', "Faroe Islands"),
('FK', 'SA', "Falkland Islands (Malvinas)", 'FLK', '238', "Falkland Islands (Malvinas)"),
('FJ', 'OC', "Fiji", 'FJI', '242', "Republic of Fiji"),
('FI', 'EU', "Finland", 'FIN', '246', "Republic of Finland"),
('FR', 'EU', "France", 'FRA', '250', "French Republic"),
('GF', 'SA', "French Guiana", 'GUF', '254', "French Guiana"),
('PF', 'OC', "French Polynesia", 'PYF', '258', "French Polynesia"),
('TF', 'AN', "French Southern Territories", 'ATF', '260', "French Southern Territories"),
('GA', 'AF', "Gabon", 'GAB', '266', "Gabonese Republic"),
('GM', 'AF', "Gambia", 'GMB', '270', "Republic of the Gambia"),
('GE', 'AS', "Georgia", 'GEO', '268', "Georgia"),
('DE', 'EU', "Germany", 'DEU', '276', "Federal Republic of Germany"),
('GH', 'AF', "Ghana", 'GHA', '288', "Republic of Ghana"),
('GI', 'EU', "Gibraltar", 'GIB', '292', "Gibraltar"),
('GR', 'EU', "Greece", 'GRC', '300', "Hellenic Republic Greece"),
('GL', 'NA', "Greenland", 'GRL', '304', "Greenland"),
('GD', 'NA', "Grenada", 'GRD', '308', "Grenada"),
('GP', 'NA', "Guadeloupe", 'GLP', '312', "Guadeloupe"),
('GU', 'OC', "Guam", 'GUM', '316', "Guam"),
('GT', 'NA', "Guatemala", 'GTM', '320', "Republic of Guatemala"),
('GG', 'EU', "Guernsey", 'GGY', '831', "Bailiwick of Guernsey"),
('GN', 'AF', "Guinea", 'GIN', '324', "Republic of Guinea"),
('GW', 'AF', "Guinea-Bissau", 'GNB', '624', "Republic of Guinea-Bissau"),
('GY', 'SA', "Guyana", 'GUY', '328', "Co-operative Republic of Guyana"),
('HT', 'NA', "Haiti", 'HTI', '332', "Republic of Haiti"),
('HM', 'AN', "Heard Island and McDonald Islands", 'HMD', '334', "Heard Island and McDonald Islands"),
('VA', 'EU', "Holy See (Vatican City State)", 'VAT', '336', "Holy See (Vatican City State)"),
('HN', 'NA', "Honduras", 'HND', '340', "Republic of Honduras"),
('HK', 'AS', "Hong Kong", 'HKG', '344', "Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China"),
('HU', 'EU', "Hungary", 'HUN', '348', "Hungary"),
('IS', 'EU', "Iceland", 'ISL', '352', "Republic of Iceland"),
('IN', 'AS', "India", 'IND', '356', "Republic of India"),
('ID', 'AS', "Indonesia", 'IDN', '360', "Republic of Indonesia"),
('IR', 'AS', "Iran", 'IRN', '364', "Islamic Republic of Iran"),
('IQ', 'AS', "Iraq", 'IRQ', '368', "Republic of Iraq"),
('IE', 'EU', "Ireland", 'IRL', '372', "Ireland"),
('IM', 'EU', "Isle of Man", 'IMN', '833', "Isle of Man"),
('IL', 'AS', "Israel", 'ISR', '376', "State of Israel"),
('IT', 'EU', "Italy", 'ITA', '380', "Italian Republic"),
('JM', 'NA', "Jamaica", 'JAM', '388', "Jamaica"),
('JP', 'AS', "Japan", 'JPN', '392', "Japan"),
('JE', 'EU', "Jersey", 'JEY', '832', "Bailiwick of Jersey"),
('JO', 'AS', "Jordan", 'JOR', '400', "Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan"),
('KZ', 'AS', "Kazakhstan", 'KAZ', '398', "Republic of Kazakhstan"),
('KE', 'AF', "Kenya", 'KEN', '404', "Republic of Kenya"),
('KI', 'OC', "Kiribati", 'KIR', '296', "Republic of Kiribati"),
('KP', 'AS', "Korea", 'PRK', '408', "Democratic People's Republic of Korea"),
('KR', 'AS', "Korea", 'KOR', '410', "Republic of Korea"),
('KW', 'AS', "Kuwait", 'KWT', '414', "State of Kuwait"),
('KG', 'AS', "Kyrgyz Republic", 'KGZ', '417', "Kyrgyz Republic"),
('LA', 'AS', "Lao People's Democratic Republic", 'LAO', '418', "Lao People's Democratic Republic"),
('LV', 'EU', "Latvia", 'LVA', '428', "Republic of Latvia"),
('LB', 'AS', "Lebanon", 'LBN', '422', "Lebanese Republic"),
('LS', 'AF', "Lesotho", 'LSO', '426', "Kingdom of Lesotho"),
('LR', 'AF', "Liberia", 'LBR', '430', "Republic of Liberia"),
('LY', 'AF', "Libya", 'LBY', '434', "Libya"),
('LI', 'EU', "Liechtenstein", 'LIE', '438', "Principality of Liechtenstein"),
('LT', 'EU', "Lithuania", 'LTU', '440', "Republic of Lithuania"),
('LU', 'EU', "Luxembourg", 'LUX', '442', "Grand Duchy of Luxembourg"),
('MO', 'AS', "Macao", 'MAC', '446', "Macao Special Administrative Region of China"),
('MK', 'EU', "Macedonia", 'MKD', '807', "Republic of Macedonia"),
('MG', 'AF', "Madagascar", 'MDG', '450', "Republic of Madagascar"),
('MW', 'AF', "Malawi", 'MWI', '454', "Republic of Malawi"),
('MY', 'AS', "Malaysia", 'MYS', '458', "Malaysia"),
('MV', 'AS', "Maldives", 'MDV', '462', "Republic of Maldives"),
('ML', 'AF', "Mali", 'MLI', '466', "Republic of Mali"),
('MT', 'EU', "Malta", 'MLT', '470', "Republic of Malta"),
('MH', 'OC', "Marshall Islands", 'MHL', '584', "Republic of the Marshall Islands"),
('MQ', 'NA', "Martinique", 'MTQ', '474', "Martinique"),
('MR', 'AF', "Mauritania", 'MRT', '478', "Islamic Republic of Mauritania"),
('MU', 'AF', "Mauritius", 'MUS', '480', "Republic of Mauritius"),
('YT', 'AF', "Mayotte", 'MYT', '175', "Mayotte"),
('MX', 'NA', "Mexico", 'MEX', '484', "United Mexican States"),
('FM', 'OC', "Micronesia", 'FSM', '583', "Federated States of Micronesia"),
('MD', 'EU', "Moldova", 'MDA', '498', "Republic of Moldova"),
('MC', 'EU', "Monaco", 'MCO', '492', "Principality of Monaco"),
('MN', 'AS', "Mongolia", 'MNG', '496', "Mongolia"),
('ME', 'EU', "Montenegro", 'MNE', '499', "Montenegro"),
('MS', 'NA', "Montserrat", 'MSR', '500', "Montserrat"),
('MA', 'AF', "Morocco", 'MAR', '504', "Kingdom of Morocco"),
('MZ', 'AF', "Mozambique", 'MOZ', '508', "Republic of Mozambique"),
('MM', 'AS', "Myanmar", 'MMR', '104', "Republic of the Union of Myanmar"),
('NA', 'AF', "Namibia", 'NAM', '516', "Republic of Namibia"),
('NR', 'OC', "Nauru", 'NRU', '520', "Republic of Nauru"),
('NP', 'AS', "Nepal", 'NPL', '524', "Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal"),
('NL', 'EU', "Netherlands", 'NLD', '528', "Kingdom of the Netherlands"),
('NC', 'OC', "New Caledonia", 'NCL', '540', "New Caledonia"),
('NZ', 'OC', "New Zealand", 'NZL', '554', "New Zealand"),
('NI', 'NA', "Nicaragua", 'NIC', '558', "Republic of Nicaragua"),
('NE', 'AF', "Niger", 'NER', '562', "Republic of Niger"),
('NG', 'AF', "Nigeria", 'NGA', '566', "Federal Republic of Nigeria"),
('NU', 'OC', "Niue", 'NIU', '570', "Niue"),
('NF', 'OC', "Norfolk Island", 'NFK', '574', "Norfolk Island"),
('MP', 'OC', "Northern Mariana Islands", 'MNP', '580', "Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands"),
('NO', 'EU', "Norway", 'NOR', '578', "Kingdom of Norway"),
('OM', 'AS', "Oman", 'OMN', '512', "Sultanate of Oman"),
('PK', 'AS', "Pakistan", 'PAK', '586', "Islamic Republic of Pakistan"),
('PW', 'OC', "Palau", 'PLW', '585', "Republic of Palau"),
('PS', 'AS', "Palestinian Territory", 'PSE', '275', "Occupied Palestinian Territory"),
('PA', 'NA', "Panama", 'PAN', '591', "Republic of Panama"),
('PG', 'OC', "Papua New Guinea", 'PNG', '598', "Independent State of Papua New Guinea"),
('PY', 'SA', "Paraguay", 'PRY', '600', "Republic of Paraguay"),
('PE', 'SA', "Peru", 'PER', '604', "Republic of Peru"),
('PH', 'AS', "Philippines", 'PHL', '608', "Republic of the Philippines"),
('PN', 'OC', "Pitcairn Islands", 'PCN', '612', "Pitcairn Islands"),
('PL', 'EU', "Poland", 'POL', '616', "Republic of Poland"),
('PT', 'EU', "Portugal", 'PRT', '620', "Portuguese Republic"),
('PR', 'NA', "Puerto Rico", 'PRI', '630', "Commonwealth of Puerto Rico"),
('QA', 'AS', "Qatar", 'QAT', '634', "State of Qatar"),
('RE', 'AF', "Réunion", 'REU', '638', "Réunion"),
('RO', 'EU', "Romania", 'ROU', '642', "Romania"),
('RU', 'EU', "Russian Federation", 'RUS', '643', "Russian Federation"),
('RW', 'AF', "Rwanda", 'RWA', '646', "Republic of Rwanda"),
('BL', 'NA', "Saint Barthélemy", 'BLM', '652', "Saint Barthélemy"),
('SH', 'AF', "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha", 'SHN', '654', "Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha"),
('KN', 'NA', "Saint Kitts and Nevis", 'KNA', '659', "Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis"),
('LC', 'NA', "Saint Lucia", 'LCA', '662', "Saint Lucia"),
('MF', 'NA', "Saint Martin", 'MAF', '663', "Saint Martin (French part)"),
('PM', 'NA', "Saint Pierre and Miquelon", 'SPM', '666', "Saint Pierre and Miquelon"),
('VC', 'NA', "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines", 'VCT', '670', "Saint Vincent and the Grenadines"),
('WS', 'OC', "Samoa", 'WSM', '882', "Independent State of Samoa"),
('SM', 'EU', "San Marino", 'SMR', '674', "Republic of San Marino"),
('ST', 'AF', "Sao Tome and Principe", 'STP', '678', "Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe"),
('SA', 'AS', "Saudi Arabia", 'SAU', '682', "Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"),
('SN', 'AF', "Senegal", 'SEN', '686', "Republic of Senegal"),
('RS', 'EU', "Serbia", 'SRB', '688', "Republic of Serbia"),
('SC', 'AF', "Seychelles", 'SYC', '690', "Republic of Seychelles"),
('SL', 'AF', "Sierra Leone", 'SLE', '694', "Republic of Sierra Leone"),
('SG', 'AS', "Singapore", 'SGP', '702', "Republic of Singapore"),
('SX', 'NA', "Sint Maarten (Dutch part)", 'SXM', '534', "Sint Maarten (Dutch part)"),
('SK', 'EU', "Slovakia (Slovak Republic)", 'SVK', '703', "Slovakia (Slovak Republic)"),
('SI', 'EU', "Slovenia", 'SVN', '705', "Republic of Slovenia"),
('SB', 'OC', "Solomon Islands", 'SLB', '090', "Solomon Islands"),
('SO', 'AF', "Somalia", 'SOM', '706', "Somali Republic"),
('ZA', 'AF', "South Africa", 'ZAF', '710', "Republic of South Africa"),
('GS', 'AN', "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands", 'SGS', '239', "South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"),
('SS', 'AF', "South Sudan", 'SSD', '728', "Republic of South Sudan"),
('ES', 'EU', "Spain", 'ESP', '724', "Kingdom of Spain"),
('LK', 'AS', "Sri Lanka", 'LKA', '144', "Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka"),
('SD', 'AF', "Sudan", 'SDN', '729', "Republic of Sudan"),
('SR', 'SA', "Suriname", 'SUR', '740', "Republic of Suriname"),
('SJ', 'EU', "Svalbard & Jan Mayen Islands", 'SJM', '744', "Svalbard & Jan Mayen Islands"),
('SZ', 'AF', "Swaziland", 'SWZ', '748', "Kingdom of Swaziland"),
('SE', 'EU', "Sweden", 'SWE', '752', "Kingdom of Sweden"),
('CH', 'EU', "Switzerland", 'CHE', '756', "Swiss Confederation"),
('SY', 'AS', "Syrian Arab Republic", 'SYR', '760', "Syrian Arab Republic"),
('TW', 'AS', "Taiwan", 'TWN', '158', "Taiwan, Province of China"),
('TJ', 'AS', "Tajikistan", 'TJK', '762', "Republic of Tajikistan"),
('TZ', 'AF', "Tanzania", 'TZA', '834', "United Republic of Tanzania"),
('TH', 'AS', "Thailand", 'THA', '764', "Kingdom of Thailand"),
('TL', 'AS', "Timor-Leste", 'TLS', '626', "Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste"),
('TG', 'AF', "Togo", 'TGO', '768', "Togolese Republic"),
('TK', 'OC', "Tokelau", 'TKL', '772', "Tokelau"),
('TO', 'OC', "Tonga", 'TON', '776', "Kingdom of Tonga"),
('TT', 'NA', "Trinidad and Tobago", 'TTO', '780', "Republic of Trinidad and Tobago"),
('TN', 'AF', "Tunisia", 'TUN', '788', "Tunisian Republic"),
('TR', 'AS', "Turkey", 'TUR', '792', "Republic of Turkey"),
('TM', 'AS', "Turkmenistan", 'TKM', '795', "Turkmenistan"),
('TC', 'NA', "Turks and Caicos Islands", 'TCA', '796', "Turks and Caicos Islands"),
('TV', 'OC', "Tuvalu", 'TUV', '798', "Tuvalu"),
('UG', 'AF', "Uganda", 'UGA', '800', "Republic of Uganda"),
('UA', 'EU', "Ukraine", 'UKR', '804', "Ukraine"),
('AE', 'AS', "United Arab Emirates", 'ARE', '784', "United Arab Emirates"),
('GB', 'EU', "United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland", 'GBR', '826', "United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland"),
('US', 'NA', "United States of America", 'USA', '840', "United States of America"),
('UM', 'OC', "United States Minor Outlying Islands", 'UMI', '581', "United States Minor Outlying Islands"),
('VI', 'NA', "United States Virgin Islands", 'VIR', '850', "United States Virgin Islands"),
('UY', 'SA', "Uruguay", 'URY', '858', "Eastern Republic of Uruguay"),
('UZ', 'AS', "Uzbekistan", 'UZB', '860', "Republic of Uzbekistan"),
('VU', 'OC', "Vanuatu", 'VUT', '548', "Republic of Vanuatu"),
('VE', 'SA', "Venezuela", 'VEN', '862', "Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela"),
('VN', 'AS', "Vietnam", 'VNM', '704', "Socialist Republic of Vietnam"),
('WF', 'OC', "Wallis and Futuna", 'WLF', '876', "Wallis and Futuna"),
('EH', 'AF', "Western Sahara", 'ESH', '732', "Western Sahara"),
('YE', 'AS', "Yemen", 'YEM', '887', "Yemen"),
('ZM', 'AF', "Zambia", 'ZMB', '894', "Republic of Zambia"),
('ZW', 'AF', "Zimbabwe", 'ZWE', '716', "Republic of Zimbabwe");